 |
Description
Bronchiolitis, usually caused by a virus. Bronchiolitis is a common infection of the airways of the lungs. The condition usually occurs during the fall and winter, and most often occurs in infants between 3-6 months of age. Although this condition begins with symptoms similar to the common cold, then developed into wheezing and coughing. Symptoms of bronchiolitis usually lasts about a week and then go. Sometimes, bronchiolitis can be severe and require hospitalization in the case of children with underlying health problems.
Cause
The main air passages to the lungs is the windpipe (trachea), which branched from the two main breathing tubes called bronchi, one to the right lung and one to the left. Bronchi in each branch of the lungs become smaller and smaller air tubes hallway which distributes the air throughout the lungs. The smallest bronchioles of the airways.
When the virus enters the respiratory system and makes its way to the bronchioles and cause the airways to become swollen and inflamed, causing bronchiolitis. The result is a collection of mucus in the airways, making it difficult for air to flow freely through the lungs. Although the signs and symptoms in older children and adults are generally mild, but can lead to breathing difficulties in babies. Because the baby's bronchioles are much narrower than those of adults, and is more easily blocked.
Most cases of childhood bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). In addition, it can also be caused by other infectious agents, including viruses that cause the common cold. Some infections, such as RSV and metapneumovirus combination can cause severe cases of bronchiolitis. There is no vaccine for bronchiolitis, which is a condition that is contagious. The virus is transmitted in the same way as contracting a cold or flu. Namely by touching contaminated objects and then touching their eyes or inside their nose or mouth, or inhale droplets of infected mucus or other respiratory secretions.
symptom
Usually the signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis are similar to the common cold, especially in the first 3 hours 2 tau. Signs and symptoms may include:
1. Nasal congestion
2. Fever
3. Colds
In 2 or 3 days later the child may experience:
1. Rapid heart rate
2. More difficult to breathe
3. fast and shallow breathing
Usually, the infection resolves itself within 7-10 days in the case of a healthy baby. However, the infection can be more severe and the child may need to be hospitalized if:
1. The child was born prematurely
2. Children have underlying health problems, such as lung or heart conditions, or a weakened immune system.
Severe bronchiolitis requiring emergency medical treatment, because it can lead to the child having difficulty breathing, or develops a bluish-looking skin (cyanosis), which is a sign that the child is not getting enough oxygen.
Treatment
Most cases of bronchiolitis can be treated at home with self-care measures. Children may be prescribed antibiotics if they have associated bacterial infections, such as pneumonia. However, antibiotics are not effective in treating bronchiolitis, if the condition is caused by a virus. A bronchodilators may be prescribed in severe cases. Bronchodilators are drugs that open the airways in the lungs, such as albuterol or albuterol inhaler. Although not as effective as desired, but antiviral drugs inhalation can also be used, such as ribavirin.
Inpatient hospital may be necessary in some cases, especially if the child has a complication of bronchiolitis. While in the hospital, to prevent dehydration, the child will be given fluids intravenously (through a vein) and in order to maintain sufficient oxygen in the blood, the child will receive oxygen.
Source: Epharmapedia
0 Response to "Bronchiolitis, pulmonary tract infection"
Posting Komentar