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Stroke is a disease that many experienced people with a variety of ages. During this time the damage in the brain due to regular stroke is detected as brain imaging such as CT scan and MRI. However, the researchers began developing various inspection methods stroke through several studies.
A study involving 152 people with 98 percent of study participants experienced an ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke, which occurs when there are clots block blood flow in the brain.
"In this study measured levels of a brain chemical called glutamate. When blood flow to the brain, glutamate is released quickly into the bloodstream," says researcher Kerstin Bettermann, MD, PhD, a professor of neurology at Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, as quoted from MedicineNet,
Every year, more than 750,000 Americans suffer a stroke, and about 80 percent are ischemic strokes. While the rest suffered a hemorrhagic stroke, caused by bleeding in the brain. Currently, there are no blood tests to detect stroke, although some scientists are developing a blood test to detect stroke.
When someone arrives at a hospital emergency room with symptoms of a stroke, a CT scan or MRI of the head is used to help doctors determine whether a stroke is in progress. So that the assessment can be used as a consideration for the provision of a blood clot-busting drug.
"But the CT scan does not always produce an image that is quite clear about what is happening in the brain. MRI is one of the procedures necessary checks remedy diagnose a stroke, but not all medical centers have had an MRI examination. In addition, some patients can not carry out checks MRI, for example, if the patient wears a pacemaker or experiencing shortness of breath, "said Bettermann.
Therefore, a blood test to detect the stroke will be very useful, this test costs about $ 20. A blood test to detect stroke can replace MRI examination by a doctor, who can not be performed in all patients. However, MRI tests are still going to be used as an investigation.
The increase in glutamate levels in stroke patients
Kemaikan research to measure glutamate levels have been performed on 50 patients with ischemic stroke and 102 people instead of the stroke patient. In the group of non-sufferers of stroke, 48 people have stroke risk factors such as diabetes or high blood pressure but no history of stroke, 28 people have symptoms such as stroke, among others, weakness on one side of the body but did not suffer a stroke, and 26 healthy people. Glutamate level in the blood of study participants were measured within 24 hours of their first symptoms (or in the case of people with no symptoms).
"Do a CT scan of the head and an MRI as well, to confirm whether they are having a stroke. After one hour, glutamate levels began to increase in patients who had a stroke. There is a clear difference in glutamate levels between patients with ischemic stroke and all other groups," Bettermann said.
L Ralph Sacco, MD, chief of neurology at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and former president of the American Heart Association / American Stroke Association said that, the development of an accurate blood test for detecting ischemic stroke remains an important goal.
"Such a test could speed up diagnosis and treatment of stroke. A blood test that seems to be promising, but still more research is needed to confirm the results of previous studies. It is also unknown whether the glutamate levels increased in people who have a hemorrhagic stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs ), "Sacco added.
For now, brain imaging such as CT scans and MRI remains a diagnostic tool to diagnose stroke. The next step is to validate these findings in a larger study. The results of these studies have been discussed in the annual meeting of the American Neurological Association.
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