Erosion Caused Ice AgeIn the latest study, the combination of erosion and melting ice is causing a huge increase in the volcanic activity of the last glacial period. Anticipated climate warms, permafrost melting, this situation led to a reduction in pressure on the Earth's mantle that leads to increased production of production of magma and volcanic eruptions. Scientists from the University of Cambridge found that erosion also plays an important role and may have contributed to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
Melting ice and volcanic activity is related, as well as erosion that plays an important role in the cycle of temperature changes. The study was written by Dr. Pietro Sternai of Cambridge's Department of Earth Sciences, he explained about the model of large-capacity increase of CO2 in the atmosphere at the end of the last ice age also involves the role of erosion. The study is published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
Causes of Volcanic Eruption End
Sternai said, there are several factors that contribute to climate warming and cooling, some of which related to the Earth's orbital parameters. Heating is much faster than the cooling solely caused by changes in the Earth's orbit, at least to some extent. This situation is associated with the system itself erosion, erosion contribute to dismantle the Earth's surface and volcanic CO2 emissions increase.
Volcanic Eruption End of the Ice Age
In this study, scientists used a numerical simulation that modeled in a variety of different features such as the ice cap and the rate of glacial erosion. Erosion is considered as important as the melting of ice in encouraging increased production of magma and subsequent volcanic activity.
Scientists also warned not to draw a strong link between anthropogenic volcanic activity caused by humans in the form of climate change and the increase in the span of a very different time. Because now, even human beings are living in a period of melting ice caused by climate change, the same mechanism may also be applicable in a shorter time span.
Over the past millions of years, Earth has been back and forth into the ice age or glacial period and interglacial periods, wherein each period lasts about 100,000 years. During the interglacial period (such as today's period) volcanic activity is much higher, where the pressure exerted by the ice sheet is reduced, so that the more free the volcano to erupt. But generally in the transition from the ice age to interglacial periods, the attrition rate also increased, especially in the mountains where volcanoes tend to cluster.
An ice age generally lasts for 100,000 years in which the characteristics found in the period bia Forward and Backward ice age, the ice sheet evolved over 80,000 years and 20,000 years to melt over time.
Glacier erosion is regarded as the most powerful on Earth. When glaciers melt, eroded soil under about ten centimeters per year, thereby reducing the pressure on the volcano and increase the likelihood of an eruption. The pressure drop increase the production of magma at depth, because of the rock at low pressure tends to melt at lower temperatures.
When a volcano erupts, the situation is releasing more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, creating a cycle that accelerates the heating process. The previous model introduced other scientists have explained the increase of CO2 in the atmosphere during the last ice age. These conditions contributed to the deglaciation which increases the activity of the volcano, but they do not take erosion.
Reference
Increase in volcanic eruptions at the end of the ice age the caused by melting ice caps and erosion, 01 February 2016, by the University of Cambridge. Via EurekAlert!
Journal Ref: deglaciation and glacial erosion: a joint control on magma productivity by continental unloading. Geophysical Research Letters, 2016.
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