Achimedes pioneer Mathematical Sciences

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Achimedes is one of the most influential mathematicians. Their thinking is referenced by many scientists, from the Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei, until Isaac Newton. Archimedes is the inventor of the system myriad number (10000), which shows a number with infinite value. He also succeeded in formulating the ratio between the circumference and finger - the finger circle.

Achimedes was born in Italy, precisely in the port city named Syracuse, Sicily in 287 BC. His father was an astronomer named Phidias. As a young man, Achimedes never learned to Alexanderia, Egypt. In a country that was once part of the Roman Empire, he deepened his knowledge of Mathematics and managed to make a number of works, among which are The Method of Mechanical Theorems and the Cattle Problem, in addition to the work - of his other works, such as On the Equilibrium of Planes, On the Measurement of a Circle, On Spirals, Onthe Sphere and the Cylinder and so forth.
Some note wrote that Achimedes friends with King Hieron II, leader Syracause. In 214 BCE, the Syracuseberada under the occupation of the Roman Empire. After returning from Alexanderia, Achimedes appointed as advisor to King Hieron II. One time King Hieron II asks Archimedes check his crown, is made of pure gold or mixed. Archimedes turned out to be difficult. Feeling very tired, he went to the public bath to eliminate fatigue. Once his body into the tub, the water in the tub was spilled onto the floor. He pondered something. A moment later, Archimedes ran out, unconsciously still in keadalan naked. "Eureka! I found it!" serung along the way.
Archimedes
Archimedes realized that the water spilled out of the tub while he soaked before a dose proportional to the weight of his body. Formulas like this can be used to calculate the volume and content of the Crown of King Hieron II. Archimedes dividing the weight of the crown with the volume of water that is on the move. Through this method, he can determine the density and specific gravity of the crown that turned out to be lower than the density of pure gold. Thus, it proves that the crown of King Hieron II is not made of one hundred percent pure gold, but silver has been mixed.
As wailayah colony, Syracuse should give wheat in large quantities to the Romans regularly. Until one time King Hieron II felt the policy was too burdensome to the people of Syracuse that shipments of wheat to the Roman was dismissed. To guard - guard when Romans invaded Syracuse, King Hieron II asks Archimedes to design new types of ships in order to strengthen the fleet Syracuse.
Archimedes went to work, he made a very large ship. In order to float, the water flooded the deck of the ship must be removed first. Archimedes then create a tool that can suck up water easily. He also created a similar tool pulley to move the giant ship cargo along simply by pulling a rope. Additionally, Archimedes still has a lot of other equipment to prevent the invasion of the Romans.
What was feared then really - really happened. Romans attacked Syracuse and deploy 120 Warship. To inhibit the enemy, Syracuse Achimedes ordered troops to use their shields to reflect sunlight toward the ship - Roman ship. He hoped that the reflection of heat that could burn the ship - the ship opponent, but this plan is less successful because the ship - the ship was moving. Nonetheless, by the way, an arrow pointing the Roman army difficulty due to glare and heat from reflected sunlight.
Roman troops closer to the coast Syracuse. Archimedes was out of his mind, he was already preparing a similar device crane is silent - still linked to the ship - the enemy ships. When the crane is pulled, the ship - Roman ship that was unsteady, even some of them could be scuttled. Archimedes also made catapults and Balista to fight the Roman army and the results are quite effective.
However, apparently the number of Roman troops so much that Syracuse increasingly pressured. Archimedes was killed in the year 212 BC in the war. A Roman soldier killed him, although there are orders that Archimedes should be captured alive - alive. At that time, Archimedes is trying to complete the geometric formula to describe a circle - a circle on the ground. Shortly before his death, Archimedes had rebuked the Roman soldiers by yelling, "Do not disturb my circles!".

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