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Body oysters also considered a foreign object as a potential threat, and his coat-generating layer called nacre - also nicknamed the 'mother of pearl' - which envelops the foreign object.
The damage that occurs in the outer shells, which resulted in the mantle, also trigger the same response to repair the damage, quoted by Today I Found Out.
Substance nacre is composed of calcium carbonate, in the form of the mineral aragonite and calcite. While conchin and perlucin proteins, which form the substance conchiolon more or less function as the 'glue' that holds the layers. If the mineral aragonite crystals have similar properties, conchiolin porous.
Coupled with layers almost transparent, be pearl shimmer.
Over time, layers of nacre continuously formed, separated from the body shells, and pearls are increasingly formed. Oyster's body contributed to the form factor so that pearl.
The formation process is equally good on oysters in the wild or farmed. However, although in general need X-ray test to determine whether a pearl is formed naturally or livestock (natural pearls have a center whose size micro, so it has garus-line circle visible when cleaved, natural pearls are much more expensive because more scarce, especially kind of perfectly round pearls are targeted to make jewelry.
On the pearl farm, oyster allowed to grow up to two to three years in a cage suspended in the water that supports life on oysters. When the oysters have reached adult age, only they can be used to produce pearls.
Although there are variations of the method used, with saltwater pearls, farmers generally use nuclei, namely balls of crushed mussel shells and polished, measuring 2.5 to 8 mm in diameter.
Selection of nuclei is not only intended to maximize the likelihood of the formation of pearl is perfectly round, but also because the core material used needs to have the same substances with nacre. If not, the core of which will widen quickly when heated, such as in the process of drilling a hole when the pearls will be made into a necklace or bracelet, and the outer layers of nacre will be easily broken.
With freshwater mussels, nuclei are rarely used, though there are exceptions in the stage of making pearls into accessories.
Both in an oyster farm freshwater or saltwater, when an oyster is already quite mature, oysters taken from the water and placed in a dry location and shade for half an hour. Later, their shells will open. Breeders will widen pearl oyster shell with openings in the barrier, while oysters that do not open will be returned to the water and going through the same process to open.
When it opens, the oysters will be moved to another area where workers are likely to be gently open a shell even wider. This process should not be imposed, because too wide open oyster shell could kill them.
At the mussels are farmed with the ball nuclei, first made a small incision in the soft part of the body of the oyster allowed to enter the nuclei along the mantle tissue rectangular raised from other oysters. In general, a dead oyster can produce enough coats to 15 times planting, so the network is able to trigger nacre lingers after placed for several hours.
Both nuclei and the mantle tissue needs to remain in contact with each other so that would be ascertained pearl is formed.
In pearl mussels are processed in the normal way, which generally freshwater mussels, only a small portion of the living tissue are included.
Another difference between the two is, in pearl ranch, several tens of pearls can be grown in the same time. This is why freshwater pearls are generally less expensive than saltwater pearls, although the end result is not much different. Generally, the more frequent the saltwater pearl is perfectly round shape, while the oval-shaped freshwater pearl.
However, in the process, after planting is completed, the holder is released and returned oysters in the water.
The overall process can make the oyster shock. Therefore, after the process of forming a pearl, the oysters need to be rested for six weeks. Thereafter, the process is repeated.
The oysters that do not survive the shock will not be used again. For healthy oysters, where successful cultivation process, they can be bred to produce pearls for 5-6 years. Even so, oysters with pearls ball nuclei can be taken in a faster time, between 6 to 12 months.
Even so, sesungghuhnya only half of the oysters that survive the process is done.
Of pearl, only about 5 percent have a high enough quality to go through the process further into precious jewelery. Afterwards, there should be a selection of more than 10,000 pearls to look for pearls that are similar in color, shape, and size to make one necklace only.
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